• Behavior of Al4C3 Particles During Flotation and Sedimentation in Aluminum Melts 

      Gökelma, Mertol; Aarnæs, Trygve Storm; Maier, Jürgen; F. Renkel, Maria; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Friedrich, Bernd; Tranell, Gabriella (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Al4C3 particles form during the primary production of aluminum via molten salt electrolysis due to the carbon solubility and direct contact between bath, metal, and carbon anodes. Additional Al4C3 may form during melt ...
    • Defect related radiative recombination in mono-like crystalline silicon wafers 

      Olsen, Espen; Bergan, Simen; Mehl, Torbjørn; Burud, Ingunn; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Di Sabatino Lundberg, Marisa (Journal article, 2017)
      We report on studies of sub-bandgap defect related photoluminescence (DRL) signals originating from radiative recombination through traps in the bandgap of cooled mono-like silicon wafers. Spectrally resolved photoluminescence ...
    • Evaluation of the Effect of CO2 Cover Gas on the Rate of Oxidation of an AlMgSi Alloy 

      Solem, Cathrine Kyung Won; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Tranell, Gabriella; Aune, Ragnhild Elizabeth (Journal article, 2020)
      Small additions of beryllium (Be) to aluminum magnesium (AlMg) alloys have proven to decrease their oxidation rate during industrial liquid metal handling. As Be can cause respiratory health issues, it is desirable to ...
    • Growth and Characterization of Silicon Nanowires for Solar Cell Applications 

      Ekstrøm, Kai Erik (Master thesis, 2011)
      Si-nanowires are being introduced as an attempt to decrease the high recombination rate present in silicon based thin-film solar cells by employing radial pn-junctions instead of conventional planar pn-junctions. Previous ...
    • High performance multicrystalline silicon: Grain structure and iron precipitation 

      Autruffe, Antoine; M'hamdi, Mohammed; Schindler, Florian; Heinz, Friedemann D.; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Schubert, Martin C.; Di Sabatino Lundberg, Marisa; Stokkan, Gaute (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      We report results from a national project about impurities in high performance multicrystalline silicon: Contamination sources, transport routes, interaction with crystal defects and impact on solar cell efficiency parameters. ...
    • Impurity control in high performance multicrystalline silicon 

      Stokkan, Gaute; Di Sabatino Lundberg, Marisa; Søndenå, Rune; Juel, Mari; Autruffe, Antoine; Adamczyk, Krzysztof; Skarstad, Hanna Vaksvik; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Wiig, Marie Syre; You, Chang Chuan; Haug, Halvard; M'hamdi, Mohammed (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      We report results from a national project about impurities in high performance multicrystalline silicon: Contamination sources, transport routes, interaction with crystal defects and impact on solar cell efficiency parameters. ...
    • Karakterisering og analysering av ubehandlet og varmebehandlet flyveaske fra restavfallsforbrenning i Skandinavia 

      Melhus, Jonas; Woldstad, Trym; Bjerve, Vegard (Bachelor thesis, 2021)
      Flyveaske (FA) er et biprodukt fra forbrenning av husholdningsavfall. Sammensetningen i FA vil variere ut ifra hvilken forbrenningsprosess som brukes. De to vanligste er ristovnforbrenning (GF) og virvelsjiktforbrenning ...
    • Recovery of Iron and Aluminum from Bauxite Residue by Carbothermic Reduction and Slag Leaching 

      Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Bugten, Andreas Voll; Eijk, Casper van der; Lazou, Adamantia; Balomenos, E.; Tranell, Gabriella (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      The recovery of major components of bauxite residue by carbothermic reduction at 1550–1750 °C and subsequent slag leaching in a Na3CO3(aq) solution is studied. Iron recovers primarily to pig-iron and lime is added to tune ...
    • Structure Control of Multicrystalline Silicon 

      Ekstrøm, Kai Erik (Doctoral thesis at NTNU;2016:65, Doctoral thesis, 2016)
      This work targets multiple approaches for controlling the initial growth conditions of directional solidification, and their effect on the final material microstructure and performance. Challenges related to both seeded ...
    • The effect of phosphorus diffusion gettering on recombination at grain boundaries in HPMC-silicon wafers 

      Wiig, Marie Syre; Adamczyk, Krzysztof; Haug, Halvard; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik; Søndenå, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      The influence of phosphorus diffusion gettering on recombination at grain boundaries has been studied in a commercially cast high performance multicrystalline silicon block. Wafers from four different heights have been ...
    • Valorization of SiMn Sludge for Production of Low-Phosphorus Ferroalloys 

      Wallin, Maria; Bugten, Andreas Voll; Tranell, Gabriella; Ekstrøm, Kai Erik (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The sludge generated by wet scrubbing the off-gas from a silicomanganese plant in Norway represents a significant loss in silicon and manganese values. This work seeks to extract these values in the production of ferroalloys ...